Observations of northern latitude ground-surface and surface-air temperatures

The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) and northern high latitude wintertime surface air temperatures

[1] The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is the primary mode of large-scale intraseasonal variability in the tropics. Recent work has connected the MJO to atmospheric variability in mid-latitudes. We focus on relationships between the MJO and wintertime surface air temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere high latitudes. The MJO is diagnosed using principal EOF of 850 hPa zonal winds from the NCE...

Mid-Latitude (30◦–60◦ N) climatic warming inferred by combining borehole temperatures with surface air temperatures

We construct a mid-latitude (30–60 N) reduced temperature-depth profile from a global borehole temperature database compiled for climate reconstruction. This reduced temperature profile is interpreted in terms of past surface ground temperature change and indicates warming on the order of 1C over the past 100 to 200 years. The combination of an initial temperature (the primary free parameter) w...

Low latitude ice cores record Pacific sea surface temperatures

[1] Oxygen isotope variations in ice cores from Bolivia and Peru are highly correlated with sea surface temperatures (SSTs) across the equatorial Pacific Ocean, which are closely linked to ENSO variability. Circulation anomalies associated with this variability control moisture flux from the equatorial and tropical Atlantic Ocean and Amazon Basin to the ice core sites. Below average SSTs lead t...

Isotope variations of high northern latitude surface CO

Using C, C, O and O isotopic variations to provide insights into the high northern latitude surface CO inventory T. Röckmann1,2, P. Jöckel2, V. Gros2, M. Bräunlich2, G. Possnert3, and C. A. M. Brenninkmeijer2 1Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Bereich Atmosphärenphysik, Heidelberg, Germany 2Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie, Abteilung Luftchemie, Mainz, Germany 3Uppsala University, Angdtrömlabor...

Robust comparison of climate models with observations using blended land air and ocean sea surface temperatures